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Optogenetics is a technique using a combination of optical and genetic methods. Optogenetic tools are targetable, genetically encoded proteins that enable the use of light to either report or control the activity of molecular processes. Optogenetic reporters convert physiological signals into changes in fluorescence output. A wide variety of reporters, or biosensors, is available to measure changes in protein activity, calcium levels, membrane potential, etc.

Optogenetic actuators enable the modulation of cellular and molecular processes via the use of light-activated channels and pumps or light-activated interactions between proteins.

Many biosensors/actuators can be purchased online through .

Biosensors

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List of biosensors

Actuators

Reviews

Video